1860 A Treatise on the Manufacture , Imitation, Adulteration and Reduction of Foreign Wines, Brandies, .

WINE. 45 escaping with carbonic acid should the ferment– ation go on too rapidly. Various methods are in use to prevent too rapid fermentation. One pound of black oxide of manganese, powdered, restrains fermentation. A. handful of powdered clay to a barrel answers the same purpose. Sulphuring the barrel has also the same effect. After racking, confine the liquor by driving the bung close, and by sealing. A. vent must be left, and the spile carefully drawn at times, but only when necessary, to prevent the casks from bursting. When the sediment has sub– sided, rack in clean, sweet caslcs, and add to every barrel of forty gallons two and a half gallons of spirit 15 0. P.,

·2 pints simple sirup. 10 ounces crude tartar. 2 pounds of raisins. 2 ounces orange-flower water.

Then agitate the casks (they being well filled