1868 The complete Practical Distiller

THE COMPLETE PRACTICAL DISTILLER.

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themselves. This advantage should be well observed, for it belongs entirely to the system of continuous distil- The glass tube e/, the same as c d^ serves to indicate the movement of the liquid in the column. IV. The Wine-warming Condenser. — This apparatus, shown in Q i, like the preceding, has two distinctions : First, to condense the vapours with which it is supplied, for the purpose of transmitting them either to the receiver or to the worm. Secondly, to appropriate to the wine in- tended for distillation the heat which the vapours lose by being condensed. It is evident that these functions are closely connected. This condenser is a copper cylinder, into which the wine arrives gradually through k l, to leave it through D E. It contains a vertical worm, the pipes of which all communicate, by their inferior parts, with the pipes hj and g j\ through the tubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 ; and the vapours arrive in this worm through H, on leaving the rectifier G c, which they leave entirely condensed, through the fourteen tubes, or through I m; hence they proceed either to the rectifier or to the cooler. In the execution of this wine- warming condenser conditions are to be fulfilled which are not easily sur- mounted ; but by proper care and attention no fear need be apprehended — to such a state of perfection has the apparatus been brought. The following are the difficulties which present them- Belves : — On one side it is necessary, in this system of distilla- tion, that the common temperature of the condense! should not exceed that of ebullition, because, if this were the case, the wine, which is much poorer in alcohol than lation.